Paper or paper-board and method of making the same



F. B. DAVIDSON. PAPER 0R PAPER BOARD AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2|, I919.

Patented July 2 @0672 77 ficzi tififia UNITEDWSTATES. PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK B. DAVIDSON, OF MARSEILLES, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 NATIONAL BISCUIT COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2'7, 1920.

Application filed Apri1'21. 1919. Serial No. 291,655.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK B. DAVIDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marseilles, in the county of La Salle and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Paper or Paper-Board and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a method of making paper or paper-board from pulp having substantially all the fibers thereof impregw nated with wax, such as produced by the' process described and claimed in my copending application filed April 21, 1919, Serial No. 291,654, wherein the pulp is prepared from waste or scrapsof wax coated and wax saturated papers, paper-boards, and the like. The invention also relates to the paper or paper-board produced by this invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view ofa paper sheet having four plies, one of which is made from pulp having substantially all of the fibers thereof impregnated with wax;

Fig. 2 is a like sectional view showing two of the plies of the sheet made from such P p;

Fig. 3 is a similar sectional View showing all but one of the plies of the sheet made from such pulp;

Fig. 4c is a cross-sectional view of a paper sheet having five plies, two of which are made from such pulp;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a paper-board made of two sheets as shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a like view showing a pa erboard made of two sheets as shown in ig. 2; and

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the machine which may be employed for making said board.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, I have shown a paper sheet or web 1 having four plies. To make said sheet or web 1 with one of its outermost plies 2 formed from pulp having substantially all the fibers thereof impregnated with wax, as produced by the process described in my said co-pending application, I supply to the first cylinder of the paper machine employed for making said sheet, a quantity of pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax,

so that the first ply 2 of said sheet will be formed entirely of such fibers, as shown in Fig. 1. The next three plies 3, 3 of said sheet 1 are formed from pulp having nonwaxed fibers, this being accomplished by supplying to the following three cylinders of the machine pulp of that kind. Should it be desired to make a four-ply sheet 4, as shown in Fig. 2, having the plies 5 and 6 on the opposite sides of the sheet formed from pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax, such pulp will be supplied to the first and fourth cylinders of the machine, while the intermediate ones will be supplied with pulp having nonwaxed fibers to form the two intermediate plies 7, 7 from such pulp, as shown in Fig. 2. On the other hand, should it be desired to make a four-ply sheet 8, as shown in Fig. 3, having its plies 9 and 10 on the opposite sides thereof, as well as one of its intermediate plies 11, formed of pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax, the first, second, and fourth cylinders of the machine will be supplied with such pulp, while the remaining or intermediate cylinder will be supplied with pulp having nonwaxed fibers to form the ply 12, as shown in Fig. 3. lWhile I have not shown in the drawings a multiple-ply sheet having all of its plies made from pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax, it is of course apparent from the foregoing that such a sheet could be readily produced in the manner stated. In Fig. 4, I have shown a five-ply sheet 13 having its plies 14 and 15 on the opposite sides of the sheet made from such pulp, while the remaining interposed plies 16, 16 are made from pulp having non-waxed fibers. Such sheet is formed in the manner described on a machine having a sufiicient number of cylinders for that purpose. Following the method described, a web or sheet of the number of plies required may be made with one or more or all of its plies made from pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax; or, should it be desired to form a single-ply sheet made from such pulp, the latter will be supplied to a one-cylinder machine or its equivalent. Such ply, whether forming the entire sheet or being one of the plies thereof, will render the sheet moisture and water resistant by reason of the wax impregnated fibers thereof incorporated in the sheet during the making of the same. With a ply so made, the sheet is given water and moisture resistant properties without requiring the necessity and expense of add-- ing water proofing material for that purpose either during or subsequent to the process of manufacture of the sheet, because the water proofing material is already present in the stock from which said pulp is made as the stock is a mixture of waste scraps of wax coated and saturated waxed papers.

From sheets thus formed, a built-up paper-board having two or more of such sheets constituting the body thereof may be made, that is, any one or all of the sheets forming the body of the board may have one or more or all of its plies formed of wax impregnated fibers so as to render the product resistant to moisture and water. In Fig. 5, I have shown a paper board made of four layers, the outermost ones 17 and 18 being the outside sheet or wrapper and the inside liner sheet, respectively, of the board, while the two interposed layers are formed of sheets 1, 1 made as shown in Fig. 1. The sheets 1, 1 are so applied one upon the other that their plies 2, 2 of wax impregnated fibers are on the outside of said applied sheets 1, 1, with wrapper sheet 17 applied against one of them and the liner sheet 18 applied against the other. The innermost plies 3, 3 of said sheets 1, 1 contact with each other and are secured together by a suitable adhesive, such as silicate of soda. The outside sheets 17 and 18 are secured to the sheets 1, 1 in the same manner. A paper-board so made has Water and moisture resistant surfaces on opposite sides thereof. Should it be desired to make a paper-bdard having greater moisture resistant properties, the same may be made as shown in Fig. 6, wherein two of the four-ply sheets 4, 4 of Fig. 2 are secured together to form the body of the board.

Said sheets 4, 4 are secured together by an adhesive of the kind mentioned, with the plies 5, 5 of wax impregnated fibers contacting with each other, thereby having a doubled wax portion between such sheets and waxed surfaces on oppositesidesthereof, as before. The board shown in Fig. 6 is also provided with outside and inside sheets or layers 17 and 18, although the board in either case may be made without the use of said layers 17 and 18.

The paper-board shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is built up by suitable mechanical means. In Fig. 7, I have shown one form of machine for that purpose, and for illustrative purposes I will describe the manner of making the built-up paper-board shown in Fig. 5 by the use of such machine. As illustrated, said machine has four supply points 19, 20, 21, and 22. At the point 19 is applied a roll of liner paper 18; at the point 20, a roll of wrapper or outer covering paper 17; while at the points 21 and 22 are applied, respectively, rolls of the sheets 1, 1, as shown in Fig. 2. One of the sheets 1 is passed between adhesive applying rolls 23, 23, or other suitable form of means for applying adhesive on the two sides of the sheet 1. Said sheet 1 is passed through feed rolls 24, 24, the other sheet 1 and the liner sheet 18 being passed between said rolls on opposite sides of the interposed sheet 1, said'rolls 24, 24 applying suitable pressure to said sheets to secure the same together by the adhesive applied thereto. The three applied sheets 1, 1 and 18 are then passed between rolls 25, 25, the lowermost one of which applies an adhesive on the under surface of said applied sheets. From the rolls 25, 25, the three applied sheets are passed between feed rolls 26, 26, and between the same and the under'most roll 26 is passed the wrapper or outside sheet 17, said rolls 26, 26 applying sufiicient pressure to cause said sheet 17 to be secured to the sheet 1 thereabove. The paper-board of Fig. 6 may be made in the same manner, except in place of the sheets 1, 1 will be used sheets 4, 4 of Fig. 2. In the same manner a paper-board may be formed with sheets 8, 8 of Fig. 3 or any other. type of sheet having one or more or all of its plies formed from pulp having wax impregnated fibers.

Paper-board made as described is suitable for containers for merchandise, wall boards, or any other use to which the same may be placed, where a water and moisture resistant product of such board is required.

I claim as-my invention:

1. A paper sheet having a ply made from pulp having substantially all of the fibers thereof impregnated with wax.

2. A paper sheet having a plurality of plies, at least one of which is made from pulp having substantially all of the fibers thereof impregnated with wax. 3. A paper sheet having a plurality of plies, some of which are made from pulp having non-waxed fibers, and the remainder from pulp having substantially all the fibers thereof impregnated with wax.

4. A built-up paper-board comprising a plurality of layers, at least one of which has at least one of its plies made from pulp having substantially all of the fibers thereof impregnated with wax.

5. A built up paper-board comprising outer and inner layers and at least one intermediate layer, having at least one of its plies made from pulp having substantially all of the fibers thereof impregnated with wax.

6. A paper product comprising a plurality of plies, at least one of which is made from pulp having substantially all the fibers thereof impregnated with wax, and the remaining plies made from pulp having non-waxed fibers.

7. The method of making a paper sheet having substantially all of its fibers. impregnated with wax, consisting in supplying to the machine used for making said sheet pulp having substantially all of its fibers impregnated with wax.

8. The method of making a paper sheet having a plurality ofplies, consisting in making at least one of the plies from pulp having substantially all the fibers thereof impregnated with wax, and the remaining plies from pulp having non-Waxed fibers.

9. The method of making a paper sheet having a plurality of plies, consisting in supplying to the machine for making such sheet by continuous process, at a number of points equal to the number of plies of the sheet, a pulp for making each of the plies, the pulp supplied atat least one of said points having substantially all the fibers thereof impregnated with wax so as to form at least one of the plies of the sheet of such fibers.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I aflix my signature this 18th day of April, A. D. 1919.

FRANK B. DAVIDSON. 

